, A First AI Reading List Pre-History Turing, A.M., "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", in The Mind's I, pp. 53-68, D.R. Hofstadter and D.C. Dennet (eds.), Basic Books, New York, 1981. Philosophy Marr, D., "The Philosophy and the Approach", Chapter 1 of Vision, pp. 8-38, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1982. Knowledge Representation Brachman, R., "On The Epistemological Status of Semantic Networks", in Associative Networks, Findler (ed.), 1979. Natural Language Schank, R.C., "Language and Memory", Cognitive Science, 4(3), July, 1980, pp. 243-284. Planning and Problem Solving Newell, A., H.A. Simon, "GPS a program that simulates human thought", in Computers and Thought, pp. 279-296, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963. Vision Marr, D., "Representing and computing visual information" in Artificial Intelligence: An MIT Perspective, P.H. Winston and R.H. Brown (eds.), Vol. 1, pp. 17-80, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1979. Learning Winston, P.H., in The Psychology of Computer Vision, Winston (ed.), 1975 Speech Erman, et al, "The Hearsay II speech-understanding system" in Computing Surveys, 12(2), pp. 213-253, June, 1980. Applications Chandrasekaran, B., S. Mittal, "Conceptual representation of medical knowledge for diagnosis by computer", in Advances in Computers, pp. 217-293, M.C. Yovits (ed.), vol. 22, Academic Press, NY, 1983.